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Computer-Numerical Control (CNC)
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Basic G-Codes or Words

G00 c   Rapid traverse movement. Used to move the tool away from the part or to move the tool near the part in a short period of time.
G01 c   Linear interpolation. Used to make a feed rate move either straight or at an angle.
G02 c   Circular interpolation. Used to make a feed rate move in a clockwise direction.
G03 c   Circular interpolation. Used to make a feed rate move in a counter-clockwise direction.
G04 n   Dwell - time delay
G40     Cancel compensation offset
G41     Compensation offset left
G42     Compensation offset right
G90     Absolute positioning
G91     Incremental positioning

Note: The lower case "c" to the right of the codes are the coordinates needed and are as follows:

Coordinates

Table devices such as milling machines and EDM machines: Xn Yn In Jn

G90 X0.0 Y0.0
G01 X0.0 Y0.125
G03 X-0.375 Y0.5 I-0.375 J0.0
G01 X-0.75 Y0.5
M02
%

Cylindrical devices such as lathes and cylindrical grinders: Xn Zn In Kn

G90 X0.0 Z0.0
G01 X0.25 Z0.0
G03 X1.0 Z-0.375 I0.0 K-0.375
G01 X1.0 Z-0.75
M02
%

Basic Miscellaneous Functions ( M-Codes or Words )

M00   Program stop
M01   Option stop - if machine is set to detected it
M02   End of program
M03   Start spindle - clockwise rotation
M04   Start spindle - counter-clockwise rotation
M05   Stop spindle
M07   Coolant on #1
M08   Coolant on #2
M09   Coolant off
Other ( Codes or Words )
F n   Feed rate. Used to set the speed the tool will move along the part. Could be in inches or in millimeters.
S n   Spindle speed. Used to set the revolutions per minute ( rpm ) of the spindle rotation.
T n   Tool selection. Used to change to a tool position on a machine with multiple tool holders.
D n   Tool offset. If the machine uses "D" then a page listing the offsets should be found.

Note: The lower case "n" to the right of the codes is a number value. Some codes are not used or are handled differently because of the varied applications and uses of the machine.

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